Immune response

Last updated: 2022 Jan 22
Total hit(s): 7
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Original Article
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Serum samples from 28 COVID-19 convalescent patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 original strain, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Lambda, and Mu variants showed 8.5, 1.2, 2.8, 1.6, 1.6, 1.7, and 4.5 folds, respectively, decreased neutralization of pseudotype SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron (PV Omicron). Despite the fact that a third-dose enhancement method can greatly raise immunity, protection from Omicron may be reduced. Hence the effectiveness of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against the Omicron variant must be re-evaluated.
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 		34890524
(Emerg Microbes Infect)
PMID
34890524
Date of Publishing: 2022 Dec
Title The significant immune escape of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron
Author(s) nameZhang L, Li Q et al.
Journal Emerg Microbes Infect
Impact factor
5.84
Citation count: 61
Date of Entry 2022 Jan 22

The goal of this investigation was to see if CD8++ T-cell responses from COVID-19 convalescent people help detect SARS-CoV-2 variants. Out of 45 mutations tested, only one in the Beta-variant spike matched with a previously identified low-prevalence CD8++ epitope. This means that nearly all anti-SARS-CoV-2 CD8++ T-cell responses should be able to recognise the newly identified variations.
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 		33594378
(medRxiv)
PMID
33594378
Date of Publishing: 2021 Feb 12
Title CD8+ T cell responses in COVID-19 convalescent individuals target conserved epitopes from multiple prominent SARS-CoV-2 circulating variants
Author(s) nameRedd AD, Nardin A et al.
Journal medRxiv
Impact factor
- n/a -
Citation count: 1
Date of Entry 2021 Sep 13

The serum from 18 seropositive healthcare workers with mild or severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were assessed for neutralization potency against the 7 potential escape mutations on spike protein. All samples except one showed good neutralising potency to the spike mutations and were found to be less impacted over the spike mutations against the individual mAbs. The samples were representatives with intermediate (1:50-100), strong (1:100-1000) and potent (>1:1000) neutralizing ID50 values. The median serum ID50 for hospitalized patients selected was 1:1275, and that for selected mild/asymptomatic cases was 1:1045.
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 		33713594
(Cell Rep)
PMID
33713594
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar 23
Title The effect of spike mutations on SARS-CoV-2 neutralization
Author(s) nameRees-Spear C, Muir L et al.
Journal Cell Rep
Impact factor
7.7
Citation count: 97
Date of Entry 2021 Aug 6

The Alpha variant B.1.1.7 pseudotype was evaluated for neutralization sensitivity to serum samples obtained from mild/asymptomatic healthcare workers and severely SARS-CoV2 affected hospitalized cohorts. The fold decrease in potency was greater for the hospitalized samples than the mild illness cohorts.
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 		33713594
(Cell Rep)
PMID
33713594
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar 23
Title The effect of spike mutations on SARS-CoV-2 neutralization
Author(s) nameRees-Spear C, Muir L et al.
Journal Cell Rep
Impact factor
7.7
Citation count: 97
Date of Entry 2021 Aug 6

The L452R and Y453F mutants were able to evade the cell-mediated HLA-A*24:02-restricted Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) responses as well as acquired immunity(humoral immunity) of the host during infection These mutants were able to escape both natural and acquired immune systems and also had a higher virulence factor proving their lethality. The increased binding affinity of the ACE2 receptor eventually increased the virulence and viral replication factors. L452R mutation increased protein stability, viral infectivity, and potentially promotes viral replication. L452R mutant also showed increased infectivity in pseudoviruses.
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 		doi
Title An emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutant evading cellular immunity and increasing viral infectivity
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Aug 6

The T-cell responses to the wild-type spike protein were more robust in vaccinated individuals when compared to convalescent patients.
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 		Pre-print (bioRXiv)
Date of Publishing 2021 May 03
Title SARS -CoV-2 T-cell immunity to variants of concern following vaccination
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jul 2

Decreased T-cell responses were observed in response to the spike protein from 3 variants of the virus -B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and B.1.1.248 (when compared to wildtype spike) in vaccinated individuals
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 		Pre-print (bioRXiv)
Date of Publishing 2021 May 03
Title SARS -CoV-2 T-cell immunity to variants of concern following vaccination
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jul 2