Transmission

Last updated: 2021 Jun 14
Total hit(s): 69
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Original Article
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160 whole-genome sequences were obtained from all provinces in Ecuador. Global B.1.1.74 lineage was the predominant lineage (39.4%) in early phase in Ecuador. Transmission lineages D and H were the dominant lineages in the data set in all provinces.
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 		Pre-print (medRXiv)
Title Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 transmission lineages in Ecuador.
Author(s) name -
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jun 14

This study focused on two genes ACE2 and TMPRSS2, the variations of which relates to COVID 19 infection and disease progression. SNPs with higher allele frequencies for ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were found in African and East Asian population than Europeans and Americans which could explain the differential susceptibility to the infection.
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 		Pre-print (bioRXiv)
Title COVID-19: Variant screening, an important step towards precision epidemiology
Author(s) name -
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jun 14

Airborne/Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the highly prevalent route when compared to others, suggested by 10 concrete and consistent studies. Lack of evidence does not necessarily suggest absence of airborne transmission.
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 		33865497
(Lancet)
PMID
33865497
Date of Publishing: 2021 May 1
Title Ten Scientific reasons in support of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Author(s) nameGreenhalgh T, Jimenez JL et al.
Journal Lancet
Impact factor
43.38
Citation count: 191

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to occur via ocular surfaces of the eyes, demonstrated by presence of viral RNA in the conjunctival sac, which could gain entry into lungs through the respiratory tract. Effective measures such as protective eye equipment and hand hygiene could be used to prevent ocular transmission in healthcare workers. Face shields should not be the only protective gear used, but a combination of protective equipment, hand hygiene and cleanliness can reduce the risk of ocular transmission.
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 		33986784
(Rev Bras Med Trab)
PMID
33986784
Date of Publishing: 2021 Apr 30
Title COVID-19: risk of ocular transmission in health care professionals
Author(s) nameMatos AG, Sarquis IC et al.
Journal Rev Bras Med Trab
Impact factor
N/A
Citation count: 2

SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics showed that central nodes of each cluster were located at either end of the Amazonas city, suggesting two independent introduction of the virus and tranmission events but with slight overlapping of both clusters. Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Amazonas
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 		33857136
(PLoS Negl Trop Dis)
PMID
33857136
Date of Publishing: 2021 Apr
Title Deciphering the introduction and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Colombian Amazon Basin
Author(s) nameBallesteros N, Muñoz M et al.
Journal PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Impact factor
4.4
Citation count: 6

Transmissibility of novel SARS-CoV-2 variant (VOC 202012/01) was higher due to a higher viral load in samples, which led to increased incidence of cases owing to its higher reproduction number (43-90%) when compared to the preexisting variants. Accelerated vaccine roll-out helps in significantly reducing the resurgence of COVID-19 cases.
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 		33658326
(Science)
PMID
33658326
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar 3
Title Estimated transmissibility and impact of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England
Author(s) nameDavies NG, Abbott S et al.
Journal Science
Impact factor
20.57
Citation count: 862

SARS-CoV-2 transmission could be reduced by considering significant factors such as airflow rate, exposure time and proximity to the infected person.The study also identified the relationship between factors such as physical environment, activity, time and the exposure to viral aerosols. Graph showing relationship between exposure time and viral RNA load, Graph showing Relative exposure risk associated with RNA copies
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 		33495667
(Build Environ)
PMID
33495667
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar 15
Title Modelling uncertainty in the relative risk of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus by airborne aerosol transmission in well mixed indoor air
Author(s) nameJones B, Sharpe P et al.
Journal Build Environ
Impact factor
5.2
Citation count: 14

Household SARS-CoV-2 transmission (65) was the main source of 187 COVID-19 cases being reported, followed by unknown setting (45), imported cases (30) and workplace-related cases (39). An average number of 5.1 contacts were quarantined per each infected case, with 854 individuals totally being quarantined. 4 large transmission chains and 3 superspreading events were also reported. Transmission chain diagram for Faroe Islands
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 		33513332
(Emerg Infect Dis)
PMID
33513332
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar
Title Epidemiology and Clinical Course of First Wave Coronavirus Disease Cases, Faroe Islands
Author(s) nameKristiansen MF, Heimustovu BH et al.
Journal Emerg Infect Dis
Impact factor
6.81
Citation count: 6

SARS-CoV-2 infections were transmitted mostly through: Travel (2264, 721%, including domestic (2136, 68%) and international (128, 4%) as well as known contact with a COVID-19 positive case (873, 278%). Overall SARS-CoV-2 test positivity rate was 1.1% in March and increased to 10% in May. Cluster Diagram representing Symptomatic and Asymptomatic cases in Karnataka
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 		33521608
(EClinicalMedicine)
PMID
33521608
Date of Publishing: 2021 Feb
Title Descriptive epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Karnataka state, South India: Transmission dynamics of symptomatic vs. asymptomatic infections
Author(s) nameKumar N, Shahul Hameed SK et al.
Journal EClinicalMedicine
Impact factor
6.68
Citation count: 22

SARS-CoV-2 transmission was confirmed when 14 (31.8%) contacts out of 44 contacts tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, including 7 household and 6 high-risk contacts. Secondary attack rate was highest for household contacts (16%), compared to high-risk contacts (2.5%). Household contacts were reported to 11 times more likely to test positive for COVID-19 than high- or low-risk contacts. Table showing Secondary Attack Rates and Clinical Attack Rates , Source and Transmission of COVID-19 cases
✍
 		33509318
(Epidemiol Infect)
PMID
33509318
Date of Publishing: 2021 Jan 29
Title Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Northern Ireland, 26 February 2020-26 April 2020
Author(s) namePett J, McAleavey P et al.
Journal Epidemiol Infect
Impact factor
2.01
Citation count: 2

SARS-CoV-2 transmission via asymptomatic infections in infants was identified when a 14-day-old asymptomatic newborn was reported SARS-CoV-2 positive for PCR test, but no other newborns were tested positive at delivery. 52.6% of infants were admitted to NNU (Neonatal Unit) due to prematurity. Epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers
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 		33521167
(An Pediatr (Engl Ed))
PMID
33521167
Date of Publishing: 2021 Jan 26
Title Epidemiology, management and risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a cohort of newborns born to mothers diagnosed with COVID-19 infection
Author(s) nameSolís-García G, Gutiérrez-Vélez A et al.
Journal An Pediatr (Engl Ed)
Impact factor
1.3
Citation count: 5

Transmisssion of SARS-CoV-2 via raw and treated wastewater was not considered as a mode of transmission conclusively due to absence of replicating viruses when grown in vitro, although RT-PCR results showed presence of virus in untreated and treated wastewater samples. Graph showing detected SARS-CoV-2 levels in wastewater samples https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7434407/figure/f0005/ Graph showing specificity and sensitivity of PCR primer to SARS-CoV-2 genes: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7434407/figure/f0010/
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 		32861187
(Sci Total Environ)
PMID
32861187
Date of Publishing: 2021 Jan 10
Title Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in raw and treated wastewater in Germany - Suitability for COVID-19 surveillance and potential transmission risks
Author(s) nameWesthaus S, Weber FA et al.
Journal Sci Total Environ
Impact factor
5.9
Citation count: 115

SARS-CoV-2 spread in Oman was contributed by the family clusters, out of 21 clusters which were reported. Representation of clusters related to COVID-19 transmission
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 		33359061
(Int J Infect Dis)
PMID
33359061
Date of Publishing: 2020 Dec 21
Title Molecular epidemiology of COVID-19 in Oman: A molecular andsurveillance study for the early transmission of COVID-19 in thecountry
Author(s) nameAl-Mahruqi S, Al-Wahaibi A et al.
Journal Int J Infect Dis
Impact factor
3.42
Citation count: 6

Vertical (Intrauterine) transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be definitely confirmed only by RT-PCR within 72 hours of birth as well as SARS-CoV-2 in chorionic villi cells of infected mother-infant dyads , either by in-situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry.
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 		32886737
(Arch Pathol Lab Med)
PMID
32886737
Date of Publishing: 2020 Dec 1
Title Confirming Vertical Fetal Infection With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Neonatal and Pathology Criteria for Early Onset and Transplacental Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 From Infected Pregnant Mothers
Author(s) nameSchwartz DA, Morotti D et al.
Journal Arch Pathol Lab Med
Impact factor
4.27
Citation count: 31

Tansmission of SAR-COV-2 among household members was due to higher rate of symptomatic infections (36%) compared to asymptomatic infections (18%). Secondary infection rate was 53% in all household members and was high across all ethnic groups. Median age of index patients was 32 years and that of household members was 28 years.
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 		33151916
(MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep)
PMID
33151916
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 6
Title Transmission of SARS-COV-2 Infections in Households Tennessee and Wisconsin, April-September 2020
Author(s) nameGrijalva CG, Rolfes MA et al.
Journal MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
Impact factor
14.4
Citation count: 99

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher in individuals who visited large family gatherings (52%) compared to individuals infected from household members (15%), suggesting that communities or large gatherings have the potential to transmit SARS-CoV-2 at a higher rate than households.
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 		33151922
(MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep)
PMID
33151922
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 6
Title A SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak Illustrating the Challenges in Limiting the Spread of the Virus - Hopi Tribe, May-June 2020
Author(s) nameHirschman J, Kaur H et al.
Journal MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
Impact factor
14.4
Citation count: 4

SARS-CoV-2 Transmission dynamics in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu showed that the highest number of positive contacts was identified in the age group of 18-29 years (184) compared to that of >85 years (4). Overall secondary attack rate in high-risk and low-risk contacts were 10.7% and 4.7%, respectively. 5% of infected individuals caused transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in more than 80% of the cases. Transmission dynamics Graph 1 Transmission dynamics Graph 2
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 		33154136
(Science)
PMID
33154136
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 6
Title Epidemiology and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in two Indian states
Author(s) nameLaxminarayan R, Wahl B et al.
Journal Science
Impact factor
20.57
Citation count: 169

SARS-COV-2 Transmission dynamics in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh showed that the highest number of positive contacts was identified in the age group of 18-29 years (9760) compared to that of >85 years (83). Overall secondary attack rate in high-risk and low-risk contacts were 10.7% and 4.7%, respectively. Younger age groups were more likely to cause superspreading events. Contacts of same age were associated with a higher infection risk among adults. High prevalence of infection observed in children was due to increased social interactions.
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 		33154136
(Science)
PMID
33154136
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 6
Title Epidemiology and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in two Indian states
Author(s) nameLaxminarayan R, Wahl B et al.
Journal Science
Impact factor
20.57
Citation count: 169

Secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed when 64 out of 392 household contacts, with a secondary attack rate (SAR) of 16.3% were reported. SAR in children (4%) was comparatively lower than in adults (16.9%). Spouse relationship to index patients and age of household contacts were significant risk factors in household transmission. Median age of index patients was 51 years. Median age of adult household contacts was 46 years and that of children was 6.5 years.
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 		32301964
(Clin Infect Dis)
PMID
32301964
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 5
Title The characteristics of household transmission of COVID-19
Author(s) nameLi W, Zhang B et al.
Journal Clin Infect Dis
Impact factor
7.71
Citation count: 179

Out of 54 residents in a psychiatric facility, 40 (74%) were infected with SARS-CoV-2 with doubling time of 3.9 days. Obesity as a risk factor (43%) and no other psychiatric or medical condition was significantly associated with the infection. Period of the study was March to April 2020.
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 		33166098
(Prim Care Companion CNS Disord)
PMID
33166098
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 5
Title COVID-19 Transmission in a Psychiatric Long-Term Care Rehabilitation Facility: An Observational Study.
Author(s) nameXiong GL, Atkin A et al.
Journal Prim Care Companion CNS Disord
Impact factor
0.3
Citation count: 1

Dane county's lower caseload stems from higher number of introductions of SARS-CoV-2 viruses during February to Early March and lower risk of community transmission compared to Milwaukee. Basic reproduction number of Dane county was reported as 2.42.
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 		33144575
(Nat Commun)
PMID
33144575
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 3
Title Revealing fine-scale spatiotenporal differences in SARS-CoV-2 introduction and spread
Author(s) nameMoreno GK, Braun KM et al.
Journal Nat Commun
Impact factor
11.8
Citation count: 16

Dane county's higher caseload stems from fewer number of introductions of SARS-CoV-2 viruses during January to Early February and greater levels of community transmission compared to Dane county. Basic reproduction number of Milwaukee was reported as 2.82.
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 		33144575
(Nat Commun)
PMID
33144575
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 3
Title Revealing fine-scale spatiotenporal differences in SARS-CoV-2 introduction and spread
Author(s) nameMoreno GK, Braun KM et al.
Journal Nat Commun
Impact factor
11.8
Citation count: 16

SARS-CoV-2 transmission chain was confirmed when 51 primary event-associated cases were identified, and 35 secondary or tertiary cases occurred among household, social and workplace contacts, for a total of 86 cases in which 4 were hospitalized and 1 died. Moreover, 34% of 87 counties in Minnesota had at least one primary, secondary or tertiary case associated with the motorcycle rally from August 7 to 16, 2020.
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 		33237891
(MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep)
PMID
33237891
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 27
Title COVID-19 Outbreak Associated with a 10-Day Motorcycle Rally in a Neighboring State Minnesota, AugustSeptember
Author(s) nameFirestone MJ, Wienkes H et al.
Journal MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
Impact factor
14.4
Citation count: 8

Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was potentially indicated using an airflow experiment carried out in a residential area in Guangzhou, China which showed that airflow in the bathtub drains produced by flushing the toilet in one floor was transmitted from Apartment 15-b to 25-b and 27-b due to increased wind speeds via interlinked pipes. Representation of Elevator usage by residents in building
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 		33235537
(Atmos Environ (1994))
PMID
33235537
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 20
Title Community evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission through air
Author(s) nameLin G, Zhang S et al.
Journal Atmos Environ (1994)
Impact factor
4.3
Citation count: 10

SARS-CoV-2 transmission was associated with the role of D614G spike protein variant as 614G had a selective advantage when compared to 614D and it relates to higher viral load and infection of younger individuals but not higher mortality or clinical severity.
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 		33275900
(Cell)
PMID
33275900
Date of Publishing: 2020 Nov 19
Title Evaluating the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutation D614G on Transmissibility and Pathogenicity
Author(s) nameVolz E, Hill V et al.
Journal Cell
Impact factor
27.35
Citation count: 412