Epidemiology

Last updated: 2022 Feb 28
Total hit(s): 197
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Original Article
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Covid-19 is linked to a higher incidence of fatigue, with HRs of 1.81 and 1.87 with contemporary and historical controls, respectively. Influenza vaccination was not shown to be significantly linked to any of the pre-specified cardiovascular outcomes.
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 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

Risk of myocarditis and pericarditis without COVID-19 vaccination increased. The demographic composition of our cohort (majority White and male) might limit the generalizability of study findings.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

The risks and associated burdens exhibited a graded increase across the severity spectrum of COVID-19 (from non-hospitalized to hospitalised individuals to those admitted to intensive care). Risk of myocarditis and pericarditis without Covid-19 vaccination increased.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

The hazard ratio (HR) for post-acute Covid-19 thromboembolic diseases (pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and superficial vein thrombosis) was 2.39, with a one-year burden (per 1,000 persons) of 9.88. To develop preventative and treatment methods for COVID-19-related cardiovascular symptoms, a better understanding of the biologic pathways will be required.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

Incidence of post-acute Covid-19 composite of other cardiovascular disorders (heart failure, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, cardic arrest, cardiogenic shock) had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.72 and a 1-year burden (per 1,000 people) of 12.72. People who have survived an acute episode of COVID-19 should have their cardiovascular health and illness taken into account in their treatment plans.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

The hazard ratio (HR) for post-acute Covid-19 Ischemic heart disease (acute coronary disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and angina) was 1.66, with a 1-year burden of 7.28 per 1,000 people. Even among those who did not require hospitalisation because to acute COVID-19, the risks and consequences of cardiovascular disease were evident.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

The hazard ratio (HR -COVID-19 vs Contemporary control) for post-acute Covid-19 inflammatory illness of the heart or pericardium (pericarditis, myocarditis) was 2.02 and 1-year burden (per 1,000 persons) was 1.23. The mechanism(s) behind the link between COVID-19 and the development of cardiovascular illnesses in the post-acute phase of the disease are not completely understood.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

Incidence of post-acute Covid-19 composite of dysrhythmia outcomes (atrial fibrillation, sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, atrial flutter) had a hazard ratio (HR - COVID-19 vs Contemporary control) of 1.69 and a 1-year burden (per 1,000 people) of 19.86. Extrapulmonary (including cardiovascular) post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 have also been attributed to an abnormal chronic hyperactivated immune response, autoimmune, or virus persistence in immune-privileged areas.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

The hazard ratio (HR ; Covid-19 vs contemporary control) and 1-year burden (per 1,000 people) of post-acute Covid-19 cerebrovascular outcomes (stroke and transient ischemic episodes) are 1.53 and 5.48, respectively . The risks were present regardless of age, race, sex, or other cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or hyperlipidemia; they were also present in people who had never had a heart attack or stroke before being exposed to COVID-19, indicating that these risks may manifest even in people who are not at high risk of heart disease.
✍
 		35132265
(Nat Med)
PMID
35132265
Date of Publishing: 2022 Feb 7
Title Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
Author(s) nameXie Y, Xu E et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 36
Date of Entry 2022 Feb 28

In a SARS-CoV-2 HIV-positive patient, virus isolation in feces was reported when there was clinical improvement, and viable virus was not detectable in respiratory specimens. Further research into fecaloral transmission, including subgroups such as immunocompromised individuals, is needed.
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 		33966675
(Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol)
PMID
33966675
Date of Publishing: 2021 May 10
Title Temporal differences in culturable severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts in a patient with moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Author(s) nameAudsley JM, Holmes NE et al.
Journal Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
Impact factor
2.66
Citation count: 1
Date of Entry 2021 Dec 15

Based on the study it was found that risk factors for SARS-COV-2 associated mortality and morbidity irrepective of age, sex are the history of macular degeneration and coagulation disorder. In addition to type-I interferon and interleukin-6-dependent inflammatory responses, infection leads in significant involvement of the complement and coagulation pathways, according to transcriptional profiling of nasopharyngeal swabs.
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 		32747830
(Nat Med)
PMID
32747830
Date of Publishing: 2020 Oct
Title Immune complement and coagulation dysfunction in adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Author(s) nameRamlall V, Thangaraj PM et al.
Journal Nat Med
Impact factor
22.66
Citation count: 118
Date of Entry 2021 Oct 31

In severly ill patients, 8/12 (66.7%) showed viral shedding in a variety of tissues 20-40 days after disease onset. In 9/11 mildly ill patients, viral shedding was restrcited to the respiratory tract and 10 days after disease onset, no RNA was detectable.
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 		32634129
(J Clin Invest)
PMID
32634129
Date of Publishing: 2020 Oct 1
Title Kinetics of viral load and antibody response in relation to COVID-19 severity
Author(s) nameWang Y, Zhang L et al.
Journal J Clin Invest
Impact factor
10.51
Citation count: 264
Date of Entry 2021 Sep 4

In 19205 participants, the seroprevalence was <3% until Mid-December 2020 in all regions. Mostly low seroprevalence was estimated in Reutlingen, Aachen, Freiburg, and Osnabr�ck after the first wave while serological study in Magdeburg cumulatively already indicates the onset of the second wave. Unweighted and weighted SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalences for all study population: Table 5 (https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2021/05/06/2021.05.04.21256597/T5/graphic-12.large.jpg and https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2021/05/06/2021.05.04.21256597/T5/graphic-13.large.jpg)
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 		Pre-print (bioRXiv)
Date of Publishing 2021 May 6
Title SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Germany - a population based sequential study in five regions
Author(s) name Manuela Harries
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jun 14

160 whole-genome sequences were obtained from all provinces in Ecuador. Global B.1.1.74 lineage was the predominant lineage (39.4%) in early phase in Ecuador. Transmission lineages D and H were the dominant lineages in the data set in all provinces.
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 		Pre-print (medRXiv)
Title Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 transmission lineages in Ecuador.
Author(s) name -
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jun 14

This study focused on two genes ACE2 and TMPRSS2, the variations of which relates to COVID 19 infection and disease progression. SNPs with higher allele frequencies for ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were found in African and East Asian population than Europeans and Americans which could explain the differential susceptibility to the infection.
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 		Pre-print (bioRXiv)
Title COVID-19: Variant screening, an important step towards precision epidemiology
Author(s) name -
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jun 14

Serological survey of mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals were tested with three immunoassays. Antibodies were found to be present for atleast 8 months after infection. No comments
✍
 		Pre-print (medRXiv)
Title Serological survey of mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals were tested with three immunoassays. Antibodies were found to be present for atleast 8 months after infection.
Author(s) name -
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jun 14

Serological survey of mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals were tested with three immunoassays. Antibodies were found to be present for atleast 8 months after infection. No comments
✍
 		Pre-print (medRXiv)
Title Persistence and detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: immunoassay heterogeneity and implications for serosurveillance
Author(s) name -
Impact factor
N/A
Date of Entry 2021 Jun 14

Increased COVID-19 incidence was associated with high concentration of superstores, due to its potential for efficient transmission of SARS-CoV-2. No significant association of COVID-19 cases with population density or age or household income was reported. Owing to its correlation between increase in COVID-19 cases and position of superstores, retailers are warned to implement protective measures early enough to control spread of the disease.
✍
 		33980403
(Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol)
PMID
33980403
Date of Publishing: 2021 Jun
Title Socio-spatial influences on the prevalence of COVID-19 in central Pennsylvania
Author(s) nameHenning A, McLaughlin C et al.
Journal Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol
Impact factor
1.34
Citation count: 1

Airborne/Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the highly prevalent route when compared to others, suggested by 10 concrete and consistent studies. Lack of evidence does not necessarily suggest absence of airborne transmission.
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 		33865497
(Lancet)
PMID
33865497
Date of Publishing: 2021 May 1
Title Ten Scientific reasons in support of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Author(s) nameGreenhalgh T, Jimenez JL et al.
Journal Lancet
Impact factor
43.38
Citation count: 191

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to occur via ocular surfaces of the eyes, demonstrated by presence of viral RNA in the conjunctival sac, which could gain entry into lungs through the respiratory tract. Effective measures such as protective eye equipment and hand hygiene could be used to prevent ocular transmission in healthcare workers. Face shields should not be the only protective gear used, but a combination of protective equipment, hand hygiene and cleanliness can reduce the risk of ocular transmission.
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 		33986784
(Rev Bras Med Trab)
PMID
33986784
Date of Publishing: 2021 Apr 30
Title COVID-19: risk of ocular transmission in health care professionals
Author(s) nameMatos AG, Sarquis IC et al.
Journal Rev Bras Med Trab
Impact factor
N/A
Citation count: 2

SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics showed that central nodes of each cluster were located at either end of the Amazonas city, suggesting two independent introduction of the virus and tranmission events but with slight overlapping of both clusters. Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Amazonas
✍
 		33857136
(PLoS Negl Trop Dis)
PMID
33857136
Date of Publishing: 2021 Apr
Title Deciphering the introduction and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Colombian Amazon Basin
Author(s) nameBallesteros N, Muñoz M et al.
Journal PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Impact factor
4.4
Citation count: 6

Transmissibility of novel SARS-CoV-2 variant (VOC 202012/01) was higher due to a higher viral load in samples, which led to increased incidence of cases owing to its higher reproduction number (43-90%) when compared to the preexisting variants. Accelerated vaccine roll-out helps in significantly reducing the resurgence of COVID-19 cases.
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 		33658326
(Science)
PMID
33658326
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar 3
Title Estimated transmissibility and impact of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England
Author(s) nameDavies NG, Abbott S et al.
Journal Science
Impact factor
20.57
Citation count: 862

SARS-CoV-2 transmission could be reduced by considering significant factors such as airflow rate, exposure time and proximity to the infected person.The study also identified the relationship between factors such as physical environment, activity, time and the exposure to viral aerosols. Graph showing relationship between exposure time and viral RNA load, Graph showing Relative exposure risk associated with RNA copies
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 		33495667
(Build Environ)
PMID
33495667
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar 15
Title Modelling uncertainty in the relative risk of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus by airborne aerosol transmission in well mixed indoor air
Author(s) nameJones B, Sharpe P et al.
Journal Build Environ
Impact factor
5.2
Citation count: 14

Higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported in individuals with B+ blood type (36.3%) than those with O+ blood type (29%) and A+ blood type (20.9%). Post-COVID complications such as sleep disturbances, pains, anxiety and depression were also reported. Table showing baseline characteristics of COVID-19 patients Table presenting post-COVID complications in patients
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 		33520252
(New Microbes New Infect)
PMID
33520252
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar
Title A multi-centre, cross-sectional study on coronavirus disease 2019 in Bangladesh: clinical epidemiology and short-term outcomes in recovered individuals
Author(s) nameMannan A, Mehedi HMH et al.
Journal New Microbes New Infect
Impact factor
1.6
Citation count: 12

Household SARS-CoV-2 transmission (65) was the main source of 187 COVID-19 cases being reported, followed by unknown setting (45), imported cases (30) and workplace-related cases (39). An average number of 5.1 contacts were quarantined per each infected case, with 854 individuals totally being quarantined. 4 large transmission chains and 3 superspreading events were also reported. Transmission chain diagram for Faroe Islands
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 		33513332
(Emerg Infect Dis)
PMID
33513332
Date of Publishing: 2021 Mar
Title Epidemiology and Clinical Course of First Wave Coronavirus Disease Cases, Faroe Islands
Author(s) nameKristiansen MF, Heimustovu BH et al.
Journal Emerg Infect Dis
Impact factor
6.81
Citation count: 6